World Diabetes Day is the primary global awareness campaign of the diabetes mellitus world and is held on November 14 of each year. It was introduced in 1991 by the International Diabetes Federation and the World Health Organization in response to the alarming rise of diabetes around the world. World Diabetes Day is a campaign that features a new theme chosen by the International Diabetes Federation each year to address issues facing the global diabetes community. While the campaigns last the whole year, the day itself marks the birthday of Frederick Banting who, along with Charles Best, first conceived the idea which led to the discovery of insulin in 1922.
Each year, World Diabetes Day is centred on a theme related to diabetes. Topics covered have included diabetes and human rights, diabetes and lifestyle, diabetes and obesity, diabetes in the disadvantaged and the vulnerable, and diabetes in children and adolescents.
For 2009–2013, the theme is Diabetes Education and Prevention.
LONGER THE BELT , LESSER THE LIFE SPAN!
08 May, 2011
GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN ( HbA1c)
Glycated hemoglobin (glycosylated hemoglobin, hemoglobin A1c, HbA1c, A1C, or Hb1c; sometimes also HbA1c) is a form of hemoglobin which is measured primarily to identify the average plasma glucose concentration over prolonged periods of time. It is formed in a non-enzymatic glycation pathway by hemoglobin's exposure to plasma glucose. Normal levels of glucose produce a normal amount of glycated hemoglobin. As the average amount of plasma glucose increases, the fraction of glycated hemoglobin increases in a predictable way. This serves as a marker for average blood glucose levels over the previous months prior to the measurement.
In diabetes mellitus, higher amounts of glycated hemoglobin, indicating poorer control of blood glucose levels, have been associated with cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, and retinopathy.
In the normal 120-day lifespan of the red blood cell, glucose molecules react with hemoglobin, forming glycated hemoglobin. In individuals with poorly controlled diabetes, the quantities of these glycated hemoglobins are much higher than in healthy people.
Once a hemoglobin molecule is glycated, it remains that way. A buildup of glycated hemoglobin within the red cell, therefore, reflects the average level of glucose to which the cell has been exposed during its life-cycle. Measuring glycated hemoglobin assesses the effectiveness of therapy by monitoring long-term serum glucose regulation. The HbA1c level is proportional to average blood glucose concentration over the previous four weeks to three months. Some researchers state that the major proportion of its value is related to a rather shorter period of two to four weeks.
In diabetes mellitus, higher amounts of glycated hemoglobin, indicating poorer control of blood glucose levels, have been associated with cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, and retinopathy.
In the normal 120-day lifespan of the red blood cell, glucose molecules react with hemoglobin, forming glycated hemoglobin. In individuals with poorly controlled diabetes, the quantities of these glycated hemoglobins are much higher than in healthy people.
Once a hemoglobin molecule is glycated, it remains that way. A buildup of glycated hemoglobin within the red cell, therefore, reflects the average level of glucose to which the cell has been exposed during its life-cycle. Measuring glycated hemoglobin assesses the effectiveness of therapy by monitoring long-term serum glucose regulation. The HbA1c level is proportional to average blood glucose concentration over the previous four weeks to three months. Some researchers state that the major proportion of its value is related to a rather shorter period of two to four weeks.
GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN ( HbA1c) - HISTORY
Hemoglobin A1c was first separated from other forms of hemoglobin by Huisman and Meyering in 1958 using a chromatographic column. It was first characterized as a glycoprotein by Bookchin and Gallop in 1968. Its increase in diabetes was first described in 1969 by Samuel Rahbar et. Al. The reactions leading to its formation were characterized by Bunn and his co-workers in 1975.The use of hemoglobin A1c for monitoring the degree of control of glucose metabolism in diabetic patients was proposed in 1976 by Anthony Cerami, Ronald Koenig and coworkers.
03 May, 2011
Liposuction - Do we lose or gain??
A new study has revealed that the fat removed by liposuction returns and gets “redistributed upstairs” – around the shoulders, arms and upper abdomen after a year.
Rudolph Leibel, an obesity researcher at the University of Columbia, told the New York Times that the body controls the number of fat cells as carefully as it controls the amount of fat. When a fat cell dies, it grows a new one to replace it.
Liposuction, however, surgically destroys the fishnet structure under the skin, which may be why the fat cells don’t regrow in the place from which they were removed. The body compensates for their loss by growing fat cells in other areas.
“It’s another chapter in the ‘You can’t fool Mother Nature’ story,” Leibel said.
The study involved 32 women aged in their midthirties and of average weight. Under half (14) had a small amount of fat removed by liposuction from hips and thighs, while the remainder (18) acted as controls.
Identical measurements of all the women were carried out at six weeks, six months and a year, which revealed how the body “defends” its fat.
After six weeks the treated patients had lost 2.1% of their fat, compared to 0.28% in the control group, but this difference had disappeared at one year.
Though the women’s thighs remained thinner after a year, the missing fat had found its way back to their stomachs. The study was recently published in the journal Obesity.
courtesy - TOI
Rudolph Leibel, an obesity researcher at the University of Columbia, told the New York Times that the body controls the number of fat cells as carefully as it controls the amount of fat. When a fat cell dies, it grows a new one to replace it.
Liposuction, however, surgically destroys the fishnet structure under the skin, which may be why the fat cells don’t regrow in the place from which they were removed. The body compensates for their loss by growing fat cells in other areas.
“It’s another chapter in the ‘You can’t fool Mother Nature’ story,” Leibel said.
The study involved 32 women aged in their midthirties and of average weight. Under half (14) had a small amount of fat removed by liposuction from hips and thighs, while the remainder (18) acted as controls.
Identical measurements of all the women were carried out at six weeks, six months and a year, which revealed how the body “defends” its fat.
After six weeks the treated patients had lost 2.1% of their fat, compared to 0.28% in the control group, but this difference had disappeared at one year.
Though the women’s thighs remained thinner after a year, the missing fat had found its way back to their stomachs. The study was recently published in the journal Obesity.
courtesy - TOI
29 April, 2011
What do you ppl wanna see next??
hi everybody!! i have posted topics which i can think of.. suggest me some topics which you would like to see on this blog..
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