LONGER THE BELT , LESSER THE LIFE SPAN!
28 June, 2010
Diabetic Gastroparesis!!
Diabetic gastroparesis is the result of damage to the vagus nerve, which controls the movement of food through the digestive system. In a person with this condition, the stomach takes too long to empty its contents. Symptoms include heartburn, nausea, vomiting undigested food, and weight loss. In most cases, treatment does not cure the problem.It often occurs in people with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes. -- it is usually a chronic condition.
Signs & Symptoms
Heartburn
Nausea
Vomiting of undigested food
An early feeling of fullness when eating
Weight loss
Abdominal bloating
Erratic blood glucose levels
Lack of appetite
Gastroesophageal reflux
Spasms of the stomach wall.
Treatment options
Dietry pattern
Taking small frequent meals
try several liquid meals a day until your blood glucose levels are stable
avoid high-fat and high-fiber foods
Pharmacotherapy
Metoclopramide - Stimulates stomach muscle contractions to help empty food. It also helps reduce nausea and vomiting. Metoclopramide is taken 20 to 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime. Side effects of this drug are fatigue, sleepiness, and sometimes depression, anxiety, and problems with physical movement.
Erythromycin - This antibiotic also improves stomach emptying. It works by increasing the contractions that move food through the stomach. Side effects are nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps.
Domperidone - It is a promotility agent like metoclopramide. Domperidone also helps with nausea.
Newer Options - A gastric neurostimulator has been developed to assist people with diabetic gastroparesis. The battery-operated device is surgically implanted and emits mild electrical pulses that help control nausea and vomiting associated with diabetic gastroparesis.
The use of botulinum toxin has been shown to improve stomach emptying and the symptoms of diabetic gastroparesis by decreasing the prolonged contractions of the muscle between the stomach and the small intestine (pyloric sphincter). The toxin is injected into the pyloric sphincter.
Gastroparesis - other causes
Postviral syndromes
Anorexia nervosa
Surgery on the stomach or vagus nerve
Medications, particularly anticholinergics and narcotics (these drugs slow contractions in the intestine)
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (rarely)
Smooth muscle disorders such as amyloidosis and scleroderma
Nervous system diseases, including abdominal migraine and Parkinson's disease
Metabolic disorders, including hypothyroidism.
Signs & Symptoms
Heartburn
Nausea
Vomiting of undigested food
An early feeling of fullness when eating
Weight loss
Abdominal bloating
Erratic blood glucose levels
Lack of appetite
Gastroesophageal reflux
Spasms of the stomach wall.
Treatment options
Dietry pattern
Taking small frequent meals
try several liquid meals a day until your blood glucose levels are stable
avoid high-fat and high-fiber foods
Pharmacotherapy
Metoclopramide - Stimulates stomach muscle contractions to help empty food. It also helps reduce nausea and vomiting. Metoclopramide is taken 20 to 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime. Side effects of this drug are fatigue, sleepiness, and sometimes depression, anxiety, and problems with physical movement.
Erythromycin - This antibiotic also improves stomach emptying. It works by increasing the contractions that move food through the stomach. Side effects are nausea, vomiting, and abdominal cramps.
Domperidone - It is a promotility agent like metoclopramide. Domperidone also helps with nausea.
Newer Options - A gastric neurostimulator has been developed to assist people with diabetic gastroparesis. The battery-operated device is surgically implanted and emits mild electrical pulses that help control nausea and vomiting associated with diabetic gastroparesis.
The use of botulinum toxin has been shown to improve stomach emptying and the symptoms of diabetic gastroparesis by decreasing the prolonged contractions of the muscle between the stomach and the small intestine (pyloric sphincter). The toxin is injected into the pyloric sphincter.
Gastroparesis - other causes
Postviral syndromes
Anorexia nervosa
Surgery on the stomach or vagus nerve
Medications, particularly anticholinergics and narcotics (these drugs slow contractions in the intestine)
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (rarely)
Smooth muscle disorders such as amyloidosis and scleroderma
Nervous system diseases, including abdominal migraine and Parkinson's disease
Metabolic disorders, including hypothyroidism.
27 June, 2010
Gestational / pregnancy induced Diabetes
Gestational diabetes generally resolves once the baby is born. Based on different studies, the chances of developing GDM in a second pregnancy are between 30 and 84%, depending on ethnic background. A second pregnancy within 1 year of the previous pregnancy has a high rate of recurrence.
Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes have an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus in the future.
The risk is highest in women who needed insulin treatment,
Had antibodies associated with diabetes (such as antibodies against glutamate decarboxylase, islet cell antibodies and/or insulinoma antigen-2),
Women with more than two previous pregnancies,
Women who were obese.
Women requiring insulin to manage gestational diabetes have a 50% risk of developing diabetes within the next five years.
The risk appears to be highest in the first 5 years, reaching a plateau thereafter.
Children of women with GDM have an increased risk for childhood and adult obesity and an increased risk of glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes later in life.
This risk relates to increased maternal glucose values.It is currently unclear how much genetic susceptibility and environmental factors each contribute to this risk, and if treatment of GDM can influence this outcome.
Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes have an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus in the future.
The risk is highest in women who needed insulin treatment,
Had antibodies associated with diabetes (such as antibodies against glutamate decarboxylase, islet cell antibodies and/or insulinoma antigen-2),
Women with more than two previous pregnancies,
Women who were obese.
Women requiring insulin to manage gestational diabetes have a 50% risk of developing diabetes within the next five years.
The risk appears to be highest in the first 5 years, reaching a plateau thereafter.
Children of women with GDM have an increased risk for childhood and adult obesity and an increased risk of glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes later in life.
This risk relates to increased maternal glucose values.It is currently unclear how much genetic susceptibility and environmental factors each contribute to this risk, and if treatment of GDM can influence this outcome.
23 June, 2010
FOOT PROBLEMS - HEEL FISSURES!!
Heel fissures, also known as cracked heels can be a simple cosmetic problem and a nuisance, but can also lead to serious medical problems. Heel fissures occur when the skin on the bottom, outer edge of the heel becomes hard, dry and flaky, sometimes causing deep fissures that can be painful or bleed.
Heel fissures can affect anyone, but common risk factors are
Living in a dry climate
Obesity
Walking barefoot or wearing sandals or open-backed shoes
Inactive sweat glands
Treatment and Prevention
Moisturizing the feet regularly can prevent heel fissures. Once they occur, you can use a pumice stone daily to gently decrease the thick and flaky layer of skin. Avoid going barefoot or wearing open-backed shoes, sandals or shoes with thin soles. Shoes with strong shock absorption can help to improve the condition.
Moisturizing the feet at least twice a day and wearing socks over moisturizer while sleeping can also help.
Heel fissures can affect anyone, but common risk factors are
Living in a dry climate
Obesity
Walking barefoot or wearing sandals or open-backed shoes
Inactive sweat glands
Treatment and Prevention
Moisturizing the feet regularly can prevent heel fissures. Once they occur, you can use a pumice stone daily to gently decrease the thick and flaky layer of skin. Avoid going barefoot or wearing open-backed shoes, sandals or shoes with thin soles. Shoes with strong shock absorption can help to improve the condition.
Moisturizing the feet at least twice a day and wearing socks over moisturizer while sleeping can also help.
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